అధ్యాయము 7
More About Adverb Clauses
45. Adverb clause ముఖ్యంగా Subordinate clause గా నుండి Adverb పనిని చేస్తుందని చదివియున్నాము. కావున అది main clause లోనున్న Verb పదమును గాని, Adjective నుగాని, Adverb ని గాని modify (అజమాయిషీ) చేస్తుంది.
Strike the iron while it is hot
You are taller than I thought.
He ran so quickly that he soon overtook me.
46. Adverb clauses వివిధ రూపములలో ఉంటాయి. కావున Adverb clauses ను ఈ క్రింది విధములుగా
వర్గీకరించవచ్చును. (classify):-
1. Time
4. Cause.
2. Place.
5. Condition.
3. Purpose.
6. Result.
7. Comparison.
8. Supposition or Concession.
Read and Learn more Analysis Transformation of Sentences
1. Adverb Clauses Of Time
47. when, ever, while, after, before, since, as 365 Subordinating Conjunctions ద్వారా time ను తెలియజేయు Adverb Clauses పరిచయము చేయబడును. అనగా ఈ క్రింద చూపబడిన భావములతో వాక్యములో ప్రవేశ పెట్టబడును.
When you have finished your Work you may go home.
1 will do it when I think fit.
Don’t talk while she is singing.
While I command this ship there will be good discipline.
He came after night had fallen?
After the law had been passed this form of crime ceased.
Do it before you forget.
Before you go bring me some water.
I have not been well since I returned from Chennai.
There was silence as the leader spoke.
As he came into the room all rose to their feet.
The doctor always comes whenever he is sent for.
They were commanded to wait till the signal was given.
The world always will be the same so long as men are men.
As soon as he heard the news he wrote to me.
Just as he entered the room the clock struck.
No sooner did he see us than he disappeared.
అభ్యాసము 43
Adverb clauses ను తెలియజేయుచు 5 వాక్యములను రాయండి.
2. Adverb Clauses Of Place
48. Where మరియు Whereas Subordinating Conjunctions వాక్యములలో ప్రవేశపెట్టబడును.
I have put it where I can find it again.
They can stay where they are.
Where you live I will live.
He led the caravan wherever he wanted to go.
You can put it wherever you like.
Let him be arrested wherever he may be found.
Old English లో whence మరియు whither అను పదములను పై సందర్భములో వాడెడివారు.
Go quickly whence you came.
The wind blotch whither it listed.
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అభ్యాసము 44
Place ను వివరించెడు Adverb Clauses ను కలిగియున్న మూడు వాక్యములను రాయండి.
3. Adverb Clauses Of Purpose
49. Subordinating Conjunctions o ‘so that in order that lest’ Subordinating Conjunctions ను (యత్నము, ఉద్ధేశ్యములను తెలియజేయు పదములు) వాక్యములలో ప్రవేశపెట్టును.
I will give you a map so that you can find the way.
We eat so that we may live.
The UNO was formed in order that countries might discuss world problems better.
He was extra polite to his superiors lest something adverse should be written into his records.
‘Sleep not lest your Lord come in the night.”
కాని Old English లో Conjunction అయిన that ను ఉపయోగించెడివారు..
He drew the sword that he might defend himself.
‘Come hither that I may bless thee
అభ్యాసము 45
Purpose ను తెలియజేయు Adverb clauses ఉన్న మూడు వాక్యములను వ్రాయండి.
4. Adverb Clauses Of Cause Or Reason
50. Subordinating Conjunctions because, as, since, Causes మరియు Reasons (కారణములు) తెలియజేయు Adverb Clauses ను వాక్యములలో ప్రవేశపెట్టును.
Because I like you, I shall help you.
I did it because I wanted to.
I did not buy it because I did not like the look of it.
He thinks, because he is rich, he can buy justice.
Since you are so clever you will be able to explain this.
Since your father is not at home, I will ask you to take the message.
Since you swear to serve me faithfully, I will employ you.
I am glad that you like it.
He was very pleased that you have passed.
As he was not there, I spoke to his brother.
అభ్యాసము 46
Cause మరియు Reason ను తెలియజేయు Adverb clauses ఉన్న మూడు వాక్యములను వ్రాయండి.
5. Adverb Clauses Of Condition
51. “If whether unless” Subordinating Conjunction పదములు భావములను Adverb Clauses వాక్యములలో ప్రవేశపెట్టును.
If I like it, I shall buy it. Come if you wish to.
If it rains we shall stay at home.
If you have tears, prepare to shed them now.
You must go whether you hear from him or not.
Whether the Rajah gives him blows or money, he will speak the truth.
Unless you work harder you will fail.
I shan’t pay it unless he sends me the bill again.
I will forgive you on condition that you do not repeat the offence.
గమనిక (Note) 1 : కొన్ని సందర్భములలో Subordinating Conjunction ను, Condition ను వివరించే Adverb clauses లో Omit (విరమించుట) చేయడం జరుగుతుంది.
Had I not seen this with my own eyes I would not have believed it.
Had I the wings of a bird I would fly away.
He would be happier were he honester.
Were an angel to tell me such a thing of you, I would not believe it.
What would you answer did I ask you such a question?
గమనిక (Note) 2 : కొన్ని సందర్భములలో Clauses of Condition లను Relative Pronoun ద్వారా Adjective ద్వారా గాని, Adverb ద్వారా గాని ప్రవేశపెట్టడం జరుగుతుంది.
(without any antecedent)
Whatever happens keep calm.
Don’t annoy him whatever you do.
Whatever may be the result, I shall refuse.
Whichever road we take we shall be too late.
However cleverly you may cheat, you will be found at last.
అభ్యాసము 47
Condition (పరిస్థితి) ను తెలియజేయు Adverb Clauses తో అయిదు వాక్యములను రాయండి.
6. Adverb Clauses Of Result Or Consequence
(ఫలితమును తెలియజేయు ADVERBS)
52. that Subordinating Conjunction ago result ద్వారా Adverb Clauses ను వాక్యములో ప్రవేశపెట్టడం జరుగుతుంది. తరచుగా, Principal Clause కు ముందు ‘so’ లేక ‘such’ అను పదములు ఉండును.
They fought so bravely that the enemy were driven off. / So bravely did they fight that the enemy were driven off. (Literary) He is such a good man that all respect him.
So great a fire raged that London was burnt down.
The Romans built in such a way that their walls are still standing.
He spoke in such a low voice that few could hear him.
So terrible a disease broke out that very few of the people survived.
Very heavy rain fell so that the rivers were soon in flood.
Laws were quickly passed so that this abuse was checked.
He behaved in such a manner that his reputation suffered.
So cold was it that many died.
గమనిక (Note): మామూలుగా మాట్లాడుకునే English లో, Subordinating Conjunction అయిన ‘that’ అను పదమును వదలివెయ్యడం జరుగుతుంది.
He was so weak he could not speak
I am so deaf I cannot hear thunder.
It was so late I waited no longer.
He is so old he can hardly walk.
It was so small I could not see it.
అభ్యాసము 48
Result ను (ఫలితము) తెలియజేయు Adverb Clauses ను ఉపయోగించి అయిదు వాక్యములను వ్రాయండి.
7. Adverb Clauses Of Comparison
53. Adverb Clauses of Comparison door :-
(a) Adverb Clauses of Comparison of Degree.
(b) Adverb Clauses of Comparison of Manner.
54. Degree or Adverb Clauses Subordinating Conjunction o than ద్వారాగాని లేక Relative Adverb అయిన as ద్వారా గాని ప్రవేశపెట్టడం జరుగుతుంది.
He is older than he looks.
No one can run faster than Rama.
It is later than I thought.
You must work harder than I do.
He is as stupid as he is lazy.
He is not so clever as you think.
గమనిక (Note: Comparison భావాన్ని చూపే Adverbs లోని Clause ను మనం అర్థం చేసుకోవాలి. అది అచట ఉండదు.
Nobody knows it better than / [do]; Few are better leaders than he [is].
You like curry better than I [like it]
It will happen as sure as death [is sure].
Not many know the truth of this better than you. [know it].
అభ్యాసము 49
పై Note లో చెప్పబడిన మాదిరి examples అయిదింటిని వ్రాయండి.
55. పోల్చి చూపించే Adverb Clauses లో Manner ను అనగా పద్ధతిని తెలియజేయునవి కూడా ఉండును. వానిని Relative Adverb అయిన as అను పదము వాక్యములో ప్రవేశపెట్టును.
You play do as you please.
It all ended as I expected.
As you have made your bed so you must lie on it.
As he has lived so will he die.
As the twig is bent the branch will grow.
అభ్యాసము 50
Comparison of Manners కలిగి ఉన్న Adverb Clauses అయిదింటిని వ్రాయుము.
8. Adverb Clauses Of Supposition Or Concession
56. Adverb clauses of Supposition అనగా ఊహాజనితమైన భావమును తెలియజేయునవి. ఇట్టి Clauses though, although, even if ప్రవేశపెట్టును.
Subordinating Conjunctions Jag
Though I am poor I am honest.
Though the heavens fall, justice must be done.
Though He slay me yet will I love Him. 40 232UAJO BREVOA T
He set sail though the storm threatened.
Although troops had marched all day they fought bravely all night.
Although I forbade this you have done it.
I shall be able to get in although I have no ticket.
Even if it rains I shall come.
Even if he is old he is able to do a great deal of work.
I would not do it even if you paid me.
అభ్యాసము 51
ఈ క్రింది వాక్యములలో Adverb clauses ను గుర్తించండి. ప్రతి clause ఏ భావమునకు (variety or class) చెందినదో వివరించండి. తరువాత main clause లో ఏ పదమును ఈ ప్రతి Ad verbal clause అజమాయిషీ (modify) చేయుచున్నదో వివరించండి.
1. Forgive us as we forgive our enemies.
2. We sow so that we may reap.
3. The general was as good as his word.
4. I couldn’t be angry with him, if I tried.
5. He arrived as we were setting out.
6. If this story were false, what should you do?
7. It is ten hours since I had nothing to eat.
8. I make friends wherever I go.
9. At Rome we must do as the Romans.
10. If I were you I would do it at once.
11. Some seeds fell where there. was no earth.
12. My sight is as keen as yours.
13. Stand still if you value your life.
14. Since you say so, I must believe it.
15. He lost more than he could afford.
16. He labours that he may become rich.
17. He kept on writing as though he did not hear.
18. It is so simple that a child can understand it.
19. He rides as a cowboy rides.
20. Boy as he was, he was chosen king.
21. He did it as I told him.
22. I will die before I submit.23.
24. He speaks better than he writes.
25. He came in while I was out.
26. He was caught in a shower as he was returning from school.
27. He wept as if he had been a child.
28. Apollo was worshipped as long as the Roman Empire lasted.
29. He consoled the unfortunate mother as best he might.
30. He ran so fast that I could not overtake him.
31. He knows that inasmuch as I have told him.
32. The younger man has more money than brains.
33. Since you desire it, I will look into the matter.
34. They set a strong guard, lest anyone should escape.
35. He succeeded although his success was not expected.
36. The earth is larger than the moon.
37. It was dark when the cannonading stopped all of a sudden.
38. His pity gave ere charity began.
39. Wherever I went was my dear dog Tray.
40. He felt as if the ground were slipping beneath his feet.
41. After the vote was taken the meeting broke up.
42. Fools rush in where angels fear to tread.
43. He dared not stir, lest he should be seen..
44. The movement was checked before it was fairly started.
45. Everything happened exactly as had been expected.
46. Robinson Crusoe was puzzled when he discovered the print of a foot on the sand.
47. Enough is as good as a feast.
48. A glutton lives so that he may eat.
49. He finished the work as the clock struck five.
50As soon as you stand there this young lady is your lawful wedded wife.
51. It’s dull in our town since my playmates left.
52. Whilst I live, thou shalt never want a friend to stand by thee.
53. No sooner did this idea enter his head, than it carried conviction with it.
54. Rich as he is, one would scarcely envy him.
55. They were commanded to wait till the signal was given.
56. They have gone ahead with the plan, although there is widespread public opposition.
57. Open rebuke is better than secret love.
58. Have you turned a detective, that you keep your eye on me like this?
59. If you have tears, prepare to shed them now.
60. He had not read half a dozen pages, when the expression of his face began to change.
61. My eldest son was bred at Oxford, as I intended him for the learned profession.
62. His behaviour was such that everybody liked him.
63. I had scarcely taken orders a year, before I began to think seriously of matrimony.
64. The world always will be the same, as long as men are men.
అభ్యాసము 52
ఈ క్రింది clauses ను వాక్యములలో వాడండి. తదుపరి ప్రతి clause తనకు చెందిన వాక్యములో ఏ పనిని చేయుచున్నదో చెప్పండి :
1. that he was tired
2. where he was born
3. as he was told
4. what you say
5. whosoever is guilty
6. who laughs last
7. because he is generous
8. since you say so
9. as he deserved
10. before it was too late.
11. as soon as he heard the news.
12. that he soon overtook me
13. where he had left it
14. how old he was
15. if you are diligent
16. because I was tired
17. what has become of him
18. when the train will arrive
19. whatever you think right
20. who did it
21. since I returned from Lahore
22. how this will end
23. what he wants
24. as he could
25. as he was not there
26. if I were you
27. that the streets were flooded
28. as I told him
29. before I submitted
30. that he is a millionaire
31. as she is beautiful
32. what you want
33. when his father died
34. as it was raining
35. as you please
36. than you are [strong]
37. although he is not rich
38. who works hard
39. that we shall win
40. when I shall return
41. if I had not helped you
42. although they fought most valiantly
43. when the cat is away
44. while it is hot
45. who help themselves
46. while the sun shines
47. till you are out of the wood
48. that wears a crown
49. who live in glass houses
50. where ignorance is bliss
51. that blows nobody good
52. no sooner did he see me
53. as dreams are made on
54. that has no turning
55. where angels fear to tread
56. so that we may live
అభ్యాసము 53
ఈ క్రింది subordinate clauses ను వివిధరకములుగా వాక్యములలో ప్రయోగించండి. తగిన principal clause కు జతచెయ్యండి :
1. where he was buried
2. when the train will arrive
3. where he had left it
4. who did it
5. why he did it
6. so that he might succeed in life
7. whom he had met
8. when the monsoon failed
అభ్యాసము 54
Complete the following sentences by supplying appropriate connecting words:
- Small service is {rue service____ it lasts.
- It is a great loss to a man__ he cannot laugh.
- We there met a boy___ had lost his way,
- It is the common doom of man_ he must eat his bread by the sweat of his brow.
- Fit words are better ______ fine ones.
- He makes no friend,__ never made a foe.
- The moment___ is lost is lost for ever.
- Forgive us our debts__ we forgive our debtors.
- The man__ stands by me in trouble I won’t bid him go until the sun shines again.
- Money___ is easily earned is soon spent.
- __ somewhat pompous, he was an entertaining companion.
- Poetry takes me up so entirely__ r I scarce see what passes under my nose.
- He___ fights and runs away, lives to fight another day.
- Never refuse to entertain a man in your heart__ all the world is talking against him.
- __ you would be healthy, be good.
- __ I am dead, my dearest, sing no sad songs for me.
- A man has no more right to say an uncivil thing to act one.
- __ the blind lead the blind, both shall fall into the ditch.
- __ this be madness___ there is method in it.
- Consider the lilies____ they grow.
- __ he has a car, he often goes to the office on foot.
- __ we approached the house, we heard the sound of music.
- I have not been well___ I returned from Delhi.
- These are the books__ I ordered last week.
- They live__ their fathers lived before them.
- No one can tell___ this will end.
- he____________________ had gone I remembered he was.
- A man____ loses his temper continually is a nuisance.
- Youth is the time__ the seeds of character are sown.
- The house ____ he was born lies in ruins.
- __ my mother died I was very young.
- Do not halloo _ you are out of the wood.
- I shall see you tomorrow,_ we will talk the matter over.
- They always talk__ never think.
- I did not recognize him_ he told me____ he was.
- They serve God well __________serve his creatures.
- I have a little shadow goes in and out with me.
- I met a boy told me I could find you.
- We learn, we may be able to make our way in the world
- he was not there, I spoke to his brother.
- A vessel that once gets a crack, it may be cunningly mended, will never stand such rough usage a whole one.
- it journeys through space, the earth is not alone; spinning round with it is the moon.
- Other planets have moons, ours is very large compared to the earth.
- I resolved I would say nothing I knew the worst.
- he was born, brought him up, and he lived, we are not told.
- Nothing can describe the confusion of thought I felt I sank into the water.
- he was a strict disciplinarian he was loved by all I served under him.
- One great reason we are insensible to the goodness of Creator is the fact His bounty is so extensive.
- Passengers are warned it is dangerous to yean out of the window the train is in motion.