అధ్యాయము 42
Dialogue-Writing
Dialogue అనగా ఇద్దరు మనుష్యుల మధ్య జరిగే సంభాషణ. Dialogue writing కూడా composition వలెనే ఉంటుంది. అలానే ఉపయోగకరంగానూ ఉంటుంది. భారతీయ విద్యార్థులకు ఇంగ్లీషు నేర్చుకునే సందర్భములో Dialogue writing చాలా ఉపయోగపడుతుంది. వాడుక భాషలో మాట్లాడటం అలవడుతుంది.
తన భావములను సహజమైన ధోరణిలో వెలిబుచ్చడానికి Dialogue writing విద్యార్థులకు ఎంతో ఉపయోగకరంగా ఉంటుంది. భారతీయ విద్యార్థుల యొక్క spoken English bookish గా ఉండటం సహజం. అతనికి ఇంగ్లీషు ప్రజలతో మాట్లాడే అలవాటు ఉండదుగాబట్టి, Dialogue – writing అతనికి చాలా అవసరం మరియు ఉపయోగం.
Dialogue రాయడానికి కొంత dramatic power (నాటకీయత) చాలా అవసరం. ప్రశ్నను రెండు కోణాల నుండి అర్ధం చేసుకోవాలి. ఊహాజనితమైన ఇద్దరు వ్యక్తుల మధ్య మానసికంగా తాను నిలబడాలి. ఇద్దరికీ తానే ప్రతినిధి. తానే వ్యవహారకర్త.
ఆ ఇద్దరు వ్యక్తులు వాళ్ళవాళ్ళ వ్యక్తిత్వ స్వభావములకు అనుగుణంగా మాట్లాడునట్లు dialogue రచయిత చూసుకోవాలి. అనగా అతను ద్విపాత్రాభినయనం చెయ్యాలి.
వ్రాత పూర్వకముగా ఉన్న dialogue సహజంగా అప్పటికప్పుడు చెప్పినట్లు ఉండవలయును. బాగా ఆలోచించి రాసినట్లుగా బరువుగా ఉండరాదు. మాటలు సహజంగా ఉండాలి. కాని ఇదే సందర్భములో, రచనకు ఉపక్రమించే ముందు preparation ఎంతో అవసరం.
ఇలా తీవ్రమైన preparation చేసినట్లు dialogue మాటలలో కనిపించరాదు. రచయిత తన కళను కనిపించకుండా కప్పిపుచ్చడం ఒక కళ. ముందుగా ఒక plan వేసుకోవాలి. దాని ప్రకారం రాయాలి. ఇలా ముందు జాగ్రత్తలు తీసుకొకుండా ఠపీమని dialogue రాసినట్లుయితే అది గందరగోళంగా తయారవుతుంది. మనకు కావలసిన భావమంటూ ఏమీ ఉండదు.
Read and Learn more Written Composition
Method Of Procedure
1. Subject గురించి ముందుగా చాలా జాగ్రత్తగా ఆలోచించవలయును. తరువాత నీ ఊహాచిత్రంలో సంభాషించుచున్న ఇద్దరు వ్యక్తుల వాదనలను, సంభాషణ ప్రక్రియలను కాగితం పైన రాసుకొనవలయును.
2. నీవు పై విధంగా రాసుకున్న సంభాషణలను ఒక క్రమ పద్దతి (order) లో పేర్చుకొన వలయును. సంభాషణా కార్యక్రమంలో ఒక వాదం నుండి ఇంకొక వాదం పుట్టుకొస్తుంది. (వీనినన్నిటిని ఒక కూర్పుగా తయారుచేసుకుంటే ఒక outline వస్తుంది. ఈ కూర్పు dialogue రాయడానికి చాలా ఉపయోగపడుతుంది.)
3. Dialogue లోని ఇద్దరు వ్యక్తులలో ప్రతి ఒక్కరు ఏ బాణీలో మాట్లాడుతారో బాగా గుర్తించుకోవాలి. ఆ బాణీని చివరిదాక చెక్కుచెదరకుండా కాపాడాలి. ఆ ఇద్దరి వ్యక్తిత్వాలు సమతూకంగా చివరిదాకా నిలబడాలి (ఉదాహరణకు ఇచ్చట రెండవ speciman లో Swarup మాట్లాడే పద్దతిని, Dulip మాట్లాడే పంధాని బాగా గమనించండి. మీకు వ్యక్తుల మధ్య తేడా తెలుస్తుంది. Swarup మనిషి (పుస్తకాల పురుగు) Dulip కసరత్తు చేసే మనిషి).
4. Dialogue రాసిన తరువాత అది ఇద్దరు వ్యక్తులు మాట్లాడుకున్నట్లు సహజంగా ఉండాలి. ఊహాచిత్రంలోని ఇద్దరు వ్యక్తులు మాట్లాడే మాటలు తేలికగా అర్ధంకావాలి. వారి సంభాషణలు నీవు నిత్యం వినే సంభాషణలు వలె ఉండాలి. సహజంగా ఉండాలి. పుస్తకాలలోని బరువైన phrases పనికిరావు. ఇద్దరు స్నేహితులు మాట్లాడినట్లు ఉండవలయును.
Special Hints (ప్రత్యేక సూచనలు)
1. (a) మీ dialogue writing లో ఒక వ్యక్తికి అధిక ప్రాధాన్యత ఇవ్వరాదు. అలా అయితే అట్టి వ్యక్తి ఒక ఉపన్యాసం యిచ్చినట్లవుతుంది. సంభాషణలో ఇద్దరు సమానంగా పాల్గొనాలి. చురుగ్గా సాగాలి. బంతి దొర్లినట్లుగా ఉండాలి.
(b) మనం తరచూ వినే సంభాషణలలో మొదటి వ్యక్తి మాట్లాడేటపుడు రెండవ వ్యక్తి అడ్డుకుని అతని సంభాషణలోనికి చొచ్చుకుపోతాడు (మర్యాదగా). ఈ సహజధోరణిని మీ dialogue లో కూడా కొంతవరకు
పోషించాలి. ఉదాహరణకు:
A. “I am perfectly certain he would never do such a thing. Why, only the other day he told me”
B.- “I don’t care what he told you I know for a fact that he did it.”
(c) Dialogue లో మొదటి వ్యక్తి సమాధానాన్ని ప్రశ్న రూపంలో ఇవ్వడం కొన్ని సందర్భాలలో సంభవిస్తుంది. కొన్ని సార్లు రాబోయే ప్రశ్నను ముందుగానే ఊహించుకొని తన సమాధానాన్ని advance గా ఇవ్వడం కూడా “సహజం. వీనిని dialogue లలో చొప్పించడం ద్వారా దానిలో సహజత్వం తొణికిస లాడుతూంది.
ఉదాహరణకు:
(1)
A.-“What will you do if he does not answer your letter?”
B.-“Well, what would you do ?”
(2)
D.-“I heard something about you the other day, John.”
J.- “I know! You are going to ask me why I was absent from office last Monday. Well, I will tell you-etc.”
(d) మనం తరచు వినే dialogues లో ఆశ్చర్యార్థకాలు వినిపిస్తుంటాయి. అక్కడక్కడ యివి నీకు కూడా నీ రచనలలో కొంతవరకు ఉపయోగపడును. ఈ సందర్భాలలో అవకతవక పదాలు వాడరాదు.
2. Dialogue చాలా interesting గా ఉండాలి. ఈ విషయం ప్రత్యేకంగా చెప్పనక్కరలేదు. చదివే వ్యక్తి ప్రారంభం నుండి చివరిదాకా రచనకు హత్తుకునేలా వుండాలి. ఎంత సహజంగా, interesting గా రాసినా, చిట్టచివరలో ఒక సందేశం ఉండాలి. Dialogue sudden గా ముగింపుకు రాకూడదు. Dialogue లో కూడా opening sentence తరువాత last sentence చాలా ప్రాధాన్యతను సంతరించుకుంటాయి.
3. మాట్లాడుకునే సాధారణ భాష వాడవలయునంటే grammar ను అవతలపెట్టమని అర్ధం కాదు. మంచి ఇంగ్లీషునే వాడాలి.
“He asked my brother and I to tea,” మరియు “Can I give you an advice?” ఇట్లాంటి వాక్యాలు తప్పుగా పరిగణింపబడతాయి.
4. ఈ సూచనలను దృష్టిలో పెట్టుకోండి. సహజమైన dialogue రాయండి. అది interesting గా ఉండాలి. సహజమైన ధోరణిలో ఉండాలి. మొత్తం conversation క్లుప్తంగా ఉండాలి. ప్రశ్నలు, సమాధానాలు క్లుప్తంగా, సూటిగా ఉండాలి.
Specimens (నమూనాలు)
1. A conversation between two boys, one of whom is habitually despondent and thinks that luck is against him, whereas the other is of a more practical turn of mind.
Nasarullah Jan.- Come, Hussain, you are taking your failure too much to heart. I know it is a great disappointment, and I sympathize with you; but you must not allow it to make you so unhappy.
Mohd. Hussain. It is all very well for a lucky chap like you, Nasarullah. You have passed the first time, and this is my second failure. You would not feel so cheery if you were in my place.
N.J.-I know, but you must pull yourself together, and make up your mind. You will pass next time. Remember the old saying “If at first you don’t succeed, try, try, again!”
M.H. – I think the other version of the saying has more sense in it,”If at first you don’t succeed, quit, quit, quit,
at once i
N.J.-Oh nonsense I You’ll never do anything if you don’t persevere. Now why do you think you failed? M.H.- All this year fate has been against me. First, I was ill with enteric, which lost me a whole term. Then just before my examination, my father died, and that so upset me that I could not prepare properly. N.J.-Well, you certainly did have bad luck, I am sorry. But I am sure you will succeed next time; so you must make up your mind to win through.
M.H.- It’s no use. I think I was born unlucky. I seem to fail in everything I touch. I tried several times to get a scholarship, but some other boy always got it instead. I shall give it up.
N.J. Indeed, you must not. Remember it’s the darkest hour before the dawn. Often when things are at the worst, they begin to improve. I don’t believe in all the talk about bad and good luck. A brave man makes his own luck. You have a year before you; you have brains, and if you will only pull yourself together and put your heart into your work, you will win through.
M.H. I wish I had your disposition. Still, I will take your advice and have another try.
N.J. That’s the style 1 And I am sure you wilf succeed and break your so-called “bad luck” once for all. An imaginary conversation between a bookish student and an athletic student on the comparative merits of mental and physical culture.
2. Dulip Singh. Hello, Swarup! Swotting away as usual. Come out, man; shut up your old books, and come an have a game of tennis.
Swarup. I am sorry I cannot do that, Dulip. The examination is drawing near, and I want every hour I can get for study.
Dulip Singh- Ohl hang all examinations! I do not worry about mine. What is the use of them, any way? Swarup.-Well, you can’t get a degree if you don’t pass the examination; and I have set my heart on being aB.A. Dulip Singh. And pray what good will be a B.A. ? Do you? You may get a clerkship in a government office; but that’s all. And there are hundreds of fellows who have got their degrees, and are no nearer getting jobs of any sort. Swarup.-That may be so; but I am not studying so much to pass my examination and obtain my degree, as to store my mind with knowledge and develop my intellectual faculties.
Dulip Singh. My word! How fine you “highbrows” can talk ! ‘Develop my intellectual faculties,” I tell you, all a man wants to get on in the world is some brains, plain common sense, and plenty of push. And you can’t learn these things from books. And while you are “developing your intellectual faculties,” you are spoiling your health. You will soon be a thin, white, narrow-chested, half-blind weakling if you stick to your beloved books like this. Look at my broad chest and feel my biceps! Anyway, I am developing my physical powers with my games and athletics.
Swarup. Well, if I have to choose, I would rather have a learned and cultivated mind than a strong and well- developed body for the mind is far more important than the body.
Dulip Singh-Oh! I see ! You mean to say that a man who plays football and hockey and is as strong as a horse, cannot have any brains?
Swarup. I did not say that; but you may remember what Kipling said about “muddied oafs and flannelled fools.” Dulip Singh. Well, I must say you are very complimentary ! Kipling must have been an ass if he said that.
Anyway I would rather be “a muddied oaf” than a whitefaced, spectacled book-worm, as blind as an owl. Their teacher (coming in).-Hello! What are you two fellows quarreling about? [They explained.]
Teacher. I see. Well, you are both right and both wrong. Swarup, a little more physical exercise will do you good and will not interfere with your mental culture; and Dulip Singh, a little more study will not in any way spoil your physical strength. So, go and have a game of tennis, Swarup; and afterwards’you, Dulip. settle down to a few hours’ study.
3. A dialogue between a countryman and a townsman, bringing ouf the comparative advan- tages of town and country life.
Smith – Good morning, Mr. Jones. It is a long time since I saw you in town. Are you staying long?
Jones-Good morning. No, Mr. Smith, I only came up on business for a few hours, and hope to get home again this evening.
Smith. Running away so soon? Why not stay a few days and enjoy yourself?
Jones.-Not me. I don’t find much enjoyment in the smoky air of a town, and all its noise and racket. Give me the clean air, the sunshine, and the quiet of the country.
Smith. Well, I grant you have the advantage of purer air in the ountry; but as for noise, you soon get used to it. In fact, I could not stand your quiet-it would drive me crazy. I like to feel plenty of life and movement
about me.
Jones. Really? Why, I could not get a wink of sleep in a noisy town. And towns are so ugly-nothing to see but ugly smoke-grimed houses, dreary streets, hideous advertisements on every hoarding, factory chim- neys belching smoke, and a dull, smoky sky. I have the beauty of the green fields and shady woods and flowery meadows of the country.
Smith-Ah I my friend, but do not forget what Dr. Johnson said: “When you have seen one green field you have seen all green fields; come with me down Fleet Street and study man.”
Jones. – Well, all I can say is that Dr. Johnson never saw a green field in his life, or he would have known that there is an infinite variety in nature if you have the eyes to see it.
Smrth. But what in the world do you do with yourser in your village ? It must be a very dull and slow lile, with no theatres, no concerts, no cinemas, no public lectures, no exciting political meetings. You must lead a stupid vegetable life, like a cabbage.
Jones. Not so stupid and dull as you imagine. I have my garden, which is a great source of pleasure; and there is fishing, and a little hunting. And then I love tramping over the hills, and seeing the beautiful scenery. And in the evenings I have my books.
Smrth.-Well, every man to his taste; but to me yours would be a dull life.
Jones.-Dull or not, it is much healthier. In the pure country, we do not get the epidemics and dirt-produced diseases you have in the towns. And our quiet habits give us longer lives.
Smrth-Yes, you may live longer in the country. But you don’t get so much out of life as we do in town. A short life and a merry one, I say.
4. A dialogue between two boys discussing their hobbies.
George. I am in luck, Will. My uncle has just sent me a letter from Japan, where he is on business, with some Japanese stamps. He knows I collect them and often sends me foreign stamps from the places he visits.
Will. They look rather nice. Are you going to paste them in your album ?
George-Yes, here it is. I have got quite a nice collection now.
Will. What a lot! French, Italian, Dutch, German, American, Turkish. You seem to have some from almost every country.
Georgre.-Oh there are a lot I have not got yet. And some rare ones are very expensive, and cost pounds of
money.
Will. But what is the use of collecting stamps ?
George.-Oh I Well, it’s a hobby. And it teaches you some geography; and sometimes it brings money.
Will. How is that?
George-Why, a really good collection sometimes sells for hundreds of pounds. Why don’t you go in for stamp- collecting?
Will-I like something more active. My hobby is collecting ferns and wild flowers. And to get these you have to go long country walks, and explore the woods, and climb the hills. It is quite an adventure when you find a rare plant or fern in some wild place.
George.-Bul what do you do with them when you get them ?
Will.- I press them, and then mount them neatly on sheets of paper, and name them. I have got quite a nice collection.
George. How do you press them?
Will. I lay the fern or plant between sheets of blotting-paper, and put them in a press, or under a board with heavy weights. You have to change the blotting-paper every day, and in about a week the plant is dried and pressed, and will last like that for years.
Georgre. And what is the good of your hobby?
Will. Well, it teaches me a lot of botany; and takes me into beautiful country; and does me good physically, because it means exercise in the open air.
5. A dialogue between a master and a pupil on public speaking.
Master.-Well Ram Narain, I hear you are taking part in the speaking competition.
Pupil.-Yes, Sir; and I came to ask you to give me some hints on the art of the public speaking.
Master. With pleasure, Ram Narain. Have you prepared your speech?
Pupil-Yes, Sir; and now I am learning it by heart.
Masfer.-Oh I but that is a great mistake. Always carefully prepare what you want to say, but never try to learn it off by heart.
Pupil.-But why, Sir?
Master. Because when you are speaking, you should watch your audience to see whether they are following what you say. You can see by their faces whether they understand and are interested; and if they are not, you can then win their attention by adding, or emphasizing, or changing something. But if your speech is learnt by heart, you can’t alter it.
Pupil.-But it seems so much easier to learn it.
Master. It is not so in the end. Memorising is a great strain. Also, if you forget one sentence, you may break down altogether.
Pupil. Well, I might manage if I could have my notes with me when I speak.
Master.-At first you may lake a short note of outline, or main points, of your speech, lest you should forget; but when you get used to speaking in public, il is best to do without notes altogether.
Pupil. But if I don’t use notes, and must not learn my speeches off by heart how can I remember what to say? Master. You must prepare carefully, and think ouf what you want to say; and learn the main points, or outline, of your speech. Then, when you get up to speak, you will find that the words will come.
Pupil. But I feel so nervous when I have to speak.
Master. That is natural, especially at first. But as you get used to speaking in public, you will overcome that. Even practised speakers often feel very nervous before they begin to speak; but when they get on to their feet, they forget all about it.
Pupil. When I am nervous, I think I speak too fast.
Master. Well, you must practise speaking slowly and distinctly. And don’t shout-it strains your voice and prevents people hearing you; and don’t speak too low. Speak naturally, so that all can hear.
Pupil.- Thank you, Sir, for your hints. I will try to follow them.
6. A dialogue on the choice of a profession — law or medicine.
Jai Dyal.- Thank goodness! our examinations are over at last.
Sain Das.- What a relief! I hope I shall pass; for I have just got a letter from my father promising to send me to the Medical College if I get through Class 12. Jai Dya/.-Oh ! are you going to be a doctor?
Sain Das. Yes; and I am very glad. My father is a doctor, you know, and I have always wanted to be one too. It seems a very interesting profession. What are you going to do?
Jai Dyal.- My ambition is to be a lawyer, and when I have got my B.A., I am to go to the Law College to study for my LL.B.
Sain Das.- Law! That never had any attractions for me. Why do you want to be a lawyer?
Jai Dyal. – Well, it is a very respectable profession. One can be a gentleman and hold a good position, any way.
Sain Das. So can a doctor. The medical profession is just as respectable as the legal. Jai Dyal.-Oh! yes, of course. But I think a lawyer can make more money than a doctor.
Sain Das.-I am not so sure of thai. A few lawyers who get to be leaders of the bar, of course, do make fortunes. But what about the crowd of pleaders and even barristers who can scarcely make a living? The law is terribly overcrowded.
Jai Dyal. Oh well, there is always plenty of room at the top, you know.
Sain Das. What I like about the medical profession, apart from its scientific interest, is that the work is so humanitarian. A doctor is always doing good to his fellows relieving suffering, curing diseases,
restoring health, and so making folk happy. This makes a doctor’s life a sort of social service. Jai Dya/-Well, a lawyer is doing good work too. He is helping to detect and prevent crime, defending the innocent from false charges, and helping people in distress.
Sain Das.-Yes; but a lawyer’s life is full of temptations. He is tempted to defend criminals for big fees, and to get them off from just punishment. I don’t see how a lawyer can help being a liar, too! Jai Dyal. Now you are joking. It is as possible for a lawyer to be an honest man as it is for a doctor to be a rogue.
అభ్యాసము 155
ఈ క్రింది topics పై dialogue లు రాయండి:
1. Between a father and his son on thrift.
(Hints – The son has been wasting his allowance extravagantly and got into debt; his lather rebukes him, and warns him of the danger of extravagance, telling him how to spend economically, and save for his old age.)
2. Between a temperance advocate and a young man on the evils of intemperance.
(Hints The young man sees no harm in drinking; argues it is a jolly social custom, makes him lively and happy, drowns care, revives him when tired, is a manly habit, etc. The temperance man warns him against danger of becoming a drunkard; the terrible power of the drink craving; argues alcoholic drink is a slow poison, and damages health; appeals to him to set an example to others by signing the pledge.etc.)
3. Between a soldier and a shopkeeper on the merits of their respective occupations.
(Hints The soldier argues that his is a noble profession; superior to civilian in rank; calls for courage and manly qualities; he is the defender of his country; whereas a tradesman’s job is mean and despised; no job for a man, etc. The shopkeeper argues that the soldier produces nothing; he simply destroys; it is a butcher’s job; food for powder, etc.; whereas the tradesman is a useful member of society, who is doing a public service; can become rich, while a soldier must always be poor, etc. The dignity of labour.)
4. Between a huntsman and a gardener on their respective pursuits.
(Hints-The huntsman defends his sport as manly, exciting, and needing courage; tries to show the benefits others by killing pests like tigers and bears; says gardening is a tame and effeminate hobby. The gardener argues hunting is a cruel spori; it means killing and torturing many of God’s innocent creatures; purely destructive. Whereas he is productive; making two blades of grass grow where only one grew before ; making the world more beautiful. (Mnte.-The refining effect of gardening.)
అభ్యాసము 156
ఒక్కో topic పై ఒక్కో dialogue రాయండి : –
1. Between a horse and an ass.
2. Between a cage-bird and a crow.
3. Between a pen and a pencil.
4. Between a pet-dog and a pariah-dog.
5. Between a film actor and yourself.
6. Between an aeroplane and a railway-train.
7. Between a fountain-pen and a lead pencil.
8. Between an oil-lamp and an electric-lamp.
9. Between a spider and a fly.
10. Between Cinderella and her two sisters just before the ball.
అభ్యాసము 157
ఈ క్రింది సమస్యలపై చిన్న dialogue రాయండి.
1. The president of B.C.C.I. and you.
2. The fable of “The Lion and the Mouse.”
3. ” The table of “The Blind Man and the Lame Man.”
4. The fable of “The Country Mouse and the Town Mouse.
5. The fable of “The Dog in the Manger.”
6. The fable of ‘The Ant and the Grasshopper.”
7. The fable of “The Wolf and the Lamb.”
8. Between ordinary foodand fast food
9. A clinic and tele medicine.
10. A blood bank and multiple organ donor bank.
11. Commerce and e-commerce.
అభ్యాసము 158
ఒక్కో topic పై ఒక్కో dialogue రాయండి : –
1. Between two friends about dreams.
2. Between a miser and a spendthrift.
3. Between a railway-guard and an engine-driver.
4. Between two class-fellows about the visit of the Inspector.
5. Between two boys discussing their hobbies.
6. Between a credulous man and an impostor.
7. Between two friends on a topic of common interest.
8. Between two friends-the one a believer, and other a disbeliever, in ghost stories.
9. Between two boys about the approaching examination.
10. Between two class-fellows on a poem they have read in the class.
11. Between a hypochondriac and his friend.
12. Between two boys who have just come out of the Examination Hall.
13. Between two friends who have lost their way in a jungle.
14. Between two friends discussing holiday plans.
15. Between two friends about their neighbours.
16. Between two boys caught in a shower on their way from school. One looks on the matters, and the other on the dark side.
17. Between two friends on life in flats..
18. Between two friends discussing the “theatre-manners” of latecomers, who mar the pleasure of the audience.
19. Fan and an airconditioner.
20. An earthquake and a cyclone.
అభ్యాసము 159
ఈ క్రింది సమస్యలపై చిన్న dialogue రాయండి.
1. The use and abuse of athletics.
2. The advantages and disadvantages of solitude.
3. The uses and abuses of advertisement.
4. The advantages and disadvantages of cheap literature.
5. The pleasures and perils of speed.
6. The pleasures and disadvantages of life in a school hostel.
7. The advantages and disadvantages of life in a great city.
8. The influence of the Cinema.
9. The necessity to save Religious Institutions.
10. The advantages and disadvantages of life in a great city.
11. The influence of Television Channels
12. Terrorism and Fanaticism.
అభ్యాసము 160
ఈ క్రింది topics యొక్క మంచి చెడులను మరియు సాధకబాధకాలను dialogues రూపంలో చర్చించండి.
1. Prohibition.
2. Alms-giving.
3. Corporal punishment.
4. The caste system.
5. Luck.
6. The United Nations.
7. Lotteries.
8. Hand-industries.
9. Asceticism.
10. Geography as a class-subject.
11. Entrance Examinations.
12. Making Global Friendship through the-Internet.
13. Awards and Recognitions.
అభ్యాసము 161
ఈ క్రింది topics ను dialogues రూపంలో చర్చించండి.
1. Is luxury an evil?
2. Is poverty a handicap?
3. Which should be the medium of education in our school-English or the vernaculars?
4. Ought everyboy to become a Scout?
5. Which is worse-flood or fire?
6. Which should we use in a big town-well water or tap-water?
7. Which is better-hockey or cricket?
8. War-is it necessary?
9. Which is better-to wear out or to rust out?
10. Should Hygiene be made a compulsory school-subject?
అభ్యాసము 162
ఈ క్రింది dialogues ఇంకా కొంచెం పొడిగించి పూర్తి చెయ్యండి : –
Krishna – Hurrah! only ten days to the holidays!
Rama. – I know. I have been counting the days. I am just sick of school.
Krishna.- So am I. What are you going to do with yourself in the holidays?
Patient. – Good morning, doctor! Can you spare me a few minutes?
Doctor. Certainly! Come in and sit down. Now, what is the matter with you?
Abdul. What is that roaring noise? It sounds like a train.
Kabali. More likely an aeroplane. Yes! Up there! Six of them.
Bepin. Oh, yes! They seem to be a great height up.
Feroz Din- Well, Abdul Latif, only three weeks more to the Matriculation examination!
Abul Latif – Yes, it is coming very near now. I wish it were all over.
F.D. So do I! And then, no more school.
A.L. Hurrah! What are you going to do when you leave school, Feroz Din ?
Father – I am sorry to hear you have failed the examination, Hah.
Hari. – So am I, father; it was just my bad luck. Look at Govind-lucky fellow! He passed in the second division.
Father-So you think it is all a matter of good luck and bad luck ?
Rashid – Here is a puzzle for you, Ghuiam; which would you rather be-a sick millionaire or a healthy beggar?
Ghulam-Well, that wants some thinking over. I suppose you mean, which is more important for our happiness-health or wealth?
Bepin So you object to corporal punishment in schools?
Ramesh – Yes, I do. I think it ought to be abolished.
Bepin – But why?