Composition
Subjects for Sentence – making
(a) Write three or four sentences about each of:
(1) Fire (2) The sun (3) The sea (4) Bread (5) Cotton (6) The table (7) Pens (8) Ink (9) Paper (10) Pencil (11) Copper (12) Gold (13) Knife (14) Clock (15) Book (16) Chair (17) Water (18) Mango (19) Milk (20) The orange (21) The sky (22) Houses (23) Carriages (24) The cow (25) The elephant (26) The jackal (27) The cat (28) The tiger (29) The horse (30) The cow (31) The moon (32) The stars (33) The coconut tree (34) The lion (35) Wool (36) Boots (37) Hats (38) The plantain tree (39) The black board (40) The school-room (41) Goats (42) The air (43) The cycle (44) Sugar (45) Salt (46) The police-man (47) The postman (48) The clock-tower (49) The parrot (50) Iron (51) Silver.
(b) Write one or two sentences for each pair of words in: (1) Fire, food (2) Sun, earth (3) Moon, light (4) Boy, slate (5) Bread, flour (6) Pen, boy (7) Man, fruit (8) Ink, bottle (9) Horse, man (10) Wheel, carts (11) Teacher, map (12) Teacher, black-board (13) The sea, ship (14) Rats, cats (15) Man, chair (16) Pot, water (17) Sugar, milk (18) The boy, mat (19) The boy, book (20) The man, cow.
Subject for Conversation
1. Black-board
(1) What is it made of? (2) What is its shape? (3) What is its colour? (4) Why is it painted black? (5) What is it used for? (6) Where is it hung? (7) Where is it sometimes fixed? (8) With what do you write on it? Why? (9) With what is cleaned?
2. Ink-Stand
(1) What is it made of? (2) What is its shape? (3) What does it contain? (4) What are the different kinds of ink? (5) What ink is largely used? (6) What is sometimes put into the ink-stand to keep the ink from drying (cotton)
3. A Book
(1) What is it made of? (2) What is its shape? (3) On what are books written? (4) What kind of covering is given to copy- books and exercise books? (5) What kind of covering is given to other books? (6) Where are books kept for people to read? (7). What are the uses of books?
4. A Chair
(1) What is it made of? (2) What are its parts? (3) What are its back and bottom made of? (4) How many legs has it? (5) How many arms has it? (6) Are there chairs without arms? (7) What are those chairs called? (8) What is a chair used for?
5. Class-room
What things does the room contain? (1) Benches: what are they made of? What are they used for? (2) Desks: what are they made of? And what are they used for? (3) Chairs:what are they made of? What are they used for? (4) Black-board: what is it made of? What is it used for? (5) Table: what is it used for? What is it made of?
6. Body and its parts
(1) What parts is the body made up of? (2) What is each part used for? (3) Where does each part lie?
7. The Sun
(1) What is the shape of the sun? (2) What does he give us? (3) Where does the sun rise and where does he set? (4) When does the sun rise and when does he set? (5) What are caused by the sun? (6) What would happen if there were no sun? Why? (7) Where do you see the sun? (8) Can you look at the sun? Why not? (9) Why are the stars not seen in the day? (10) Why does the sun seem so small to us?
8. The Moon
(1) What is the shape of the moon? (2) What do we get from the moon, and what do we not get? (3) Where does the moon rise and where does it set? (4) Where is the moon found? (5) Can we see the stars when the moon is shining? Why? (6) Can we look at the moon? Why? (7) Are the moon’s rays hot or cool? (8) Where does the moon get its light from? (9) Is the moon always of the same size? (10) For how many days does it increase in brightness. (11) For how many days does it decrease? (12) What are ‘Full moon’ and ‘New moon”?
9. Fire
(1) How is it made? (2) Can we live without fire? (3) With what do we make fire? (4) For what purpose do we want fire? (5) How is it useful in winter? (6) Is it sometimes harmful to us? (7) How is it harmful to us? (8) What is a fire-engine?
10. Water
(1) Where is it found? (2) How many kinds of water are there? (Fresh and Salt) (4) Where is one kind of water found? (4) Where is the other kind of water found? (5) What are the several uses of water? (6) How are seas and rivers useful to us?
11. Clock
(1) What has the clock in front of it? (2) What colour is the dial? (3) What do we see on it? (4) What are those that go round the dial? (5) What are they called? (6) What does one hand show? (7) What does the other hand show? (8) What does the clock do at the end of every hour to tell us the time? (9) What is the clock made of? What has it inside?
12. Sugar
(1) What colour is sugar? (2) What is its tase? (3) Do all people like sugar? (4) From what is sugar made? (5) Which is the best kind of sugar? (6) How is it prepared? (7) What are the uses of sugar? (8) Is sugar made from any other thing besides sugar-cane?
13. Milk
(1) What is its colour? (2) What is its taste? (3) What animals give us milk? (4) Which animal’s milk is the best? (5) Why is it the best? (6) What things are made from milk? (7) Why do men drink milk? (8) How is milk preserved? In what form? (9) For whom is this kind of milk largely used?
14. Salt
(1) What colour is salt? (2) What is its taste? (3) Where is it found? (4) How do we get it from the sea water? (5) May we prepare it? (6) Where else can we get it? (7) What are the uses of salt? (8) Is it very dear?
15. The Mango Tree
(1) Is it a small tree or a big tree? (2) How high does it grow? (3) Has it a trunk and branches? (4) How many kinds of mango trees are there? (5) Are all mango fruits sweet? (6) What do people do with sour ones? (pickles) (7) What use is made of the tree? (8) At what time of the year does it yield fruit? (9) In what soil does it grow well?
16. The Coconut Tree
(1) In what kind of countries do coconut trees grow? (2) Where do they grow best? (3) In what kind of soil do they grow well? (4) Is the coconut tree like the other trees? (5) What is the difference between it and the other trees? (tall, slender stem with a bunch of long leaves at the top). (6) Has it branches? (7) To what height does the tree grow? (8) What are its long leaves like? (feathers.) (9) Where are the fruits found? (10) What use is made of the several parts of the tree? (the leaves, the covering of the nut, the shell, the nut) (11) How long does it live?
17. The Plantain Tree
(1) What kind of stem has it? (hard or soft) (2) What kind of leaves has it? (3) Has it any branches? (4) What kind of soil does it need? (5) Are there many kinds of plantain trees? (6) How high does it grow? (7) What does the tree chiefly want for its growth? (8) How long does the tree live? (9) What use is made of the tree? (the stem, the leaves, the fruits) (10) Does the tree give us any seed to grow fresh trees? (11) How do we get fresh trees? (12) What are green plantains used for? (13) What are ripe ones used for?
18. The Cotton Plant
(1) Is it a big plant or a small plant? (2) Has it any branches? (3) How high does it grow? (4) Are there many kinds of the cotton plants? (5) Do’all of them have the same kind of flower? (6) In what kind of soil does it grow best? (7) What do we get from the plants? (8) Where is it found? (9) What use is made of the cotton? (10) What use is made of the seeds?
19. The Cow
(1) Is it a domestic animal or a wild animal? (2) Has it horns? (3) In what countries is it found? (4) Why do men keep it? (5) What kind of animal is it? (gentle) (6) What does it give us? (7) What do we do with its milk? (8) How is it useful to us? (9) How is it useful to children? (chief food) (10) What does the cow eat? (11) Where does the cow graze? (12) What is the difference between English cows and Indian cows? (hump) (13) What is the young one of a cow called? (14) What is its keeper called?
20. The Horse
(1) Is it a four legged animal? (2) Has it horns? (3) What kind of animal is it? (noble, intelligent, strong) (4) How does it run? (5) Does it run faster than the bullock? (6) Name some kinds of horses. (7) What is the food of the horse? (8) What are the uses of the horse? (drawing carriages, riding, wars, circuses, ploughing in England). (9) Is it faithful to its master? (10) What is its young one called? (11) What is its keeper called? (12) What is its house called?
21. The Bullock
(1) Is it a domestic animal? (2) How many legs has it? (3) How high does it grow? (4) What does it eat? (5) What are the uses of the bullock? (6) What are the two kinds of bullock- carts? (7) Can the bullock run as fast as the horse? (8) Is it used for riding? (9) How is it useful to man?
22. The Dog
(1) Is it useful to man? (2) How big is it? (3) How many legs has it? (4) What does it eat? (5) Has it horns? (6) Name some different kinds of dogs. (7) What is each kind used for? (8) Why do people keep dogs? (9) How are they useful to men? (guard houses, keep company) (10) What are the dogs noted for? (scent; hunt; give up even their lives to save their master; for detection) (11) What is a young dog called? (12) What is its house called?
23. The Goat
(1) What is the size of the animal? (2) How many legs has it? (3) What kind of animal is it? (4) What is a young goat called ? (5) What do the goats eat? (6) Why do people keep goats? (milk, flesh) (7) Are they used in the circuses? (8) Are the young goats nice to look at? (9) Is its flesh in any way useful?
24. The Sheep
(1) Is it a big animal? (2) How many legs has it? (3) Has it horns? (4) Is it a gentle animal? (5) With what is its body covered? (6) What is a young sheep called? (7) What do the sheep eat? (8) Why do men keep them? (flesh, milk and wool) (9) What are made from its fur? (10) Is its flesh eaten? (11) Are sheep used for manuring the fields? How? (12) What are a number of sheep called? (13) Where are they kept? (14) What is their keeper called?
25. The Cat
(1) Is it a big animal? (2) Are some people very fond of cats? (3) Do they look upon them as their children? (4) With what is its body covered? Why? (5) What kind of eyes has it? Why (6) How are the whiskers useful? (7) What kind of feet has it? Why? (8) What animal is it very fond of killing? (9) When does the cat catch it? (10) Does it eat any other food? (11) How is it useful to men? (12) How is it troublesome to men?
26. The Camel
(1) is it a beautiful animal? (2) Is its neck long or short? (3) Has it a hump? (4) How are its legs? (5) How are its feet? Why? (6) In what countries are the camels found? (7) Can they live without food and water for a long time? (8) Why are they made so? Can they carry very heavy loads? (10) Is it a patient animal? (11) Does it obey its master? (12) Why is it called the ship of the desert? (13) What is a long line of camels carrying men and goods called? (caravan)
27. The Elephant
(1) What is the largest of all land animals? (2) Has it a huge body or small body? (3) How are its legs and what are they like? Why? (4) How is its neck? Why? (5) Is its nose like that of other animals? (6) What has it in place of the nose? (7) What has the turnk at its end? What has it on both sides? (8) What does it do with its trunk? (9) Is it an intelligent animal? (10) What does it eat? (11) What are the uses of the elephant? (Draw very heavy loads, carry guns in wars, circuses, ridden by kings on grand occasions). (12) Does it obey its keeper? (13) What is the keeper called? (14) What are the uses of its tusks?
28. The crow
(1) What is it? (2) What is its colour? (3) Where is it found? (4) Has it ears? (5) What kind of mouth has it? (6) What is it called? (7) Where does the bird live? (8) What is its house called? (9) Where does it build it? (10) What is it made of? (11) What does the bird eat? (12) Is it useful to men? How? (13) Is it troublesome to men? How? (14) What is its cry believed to tell?
Hints for Composition
1. The Tower Clock
A tall building-built of stone-square or round in form a clock is fixed at the top-four big dials-on sides- bold figures and bold hands-people may see from all side’s and from far-a big bell hung inside-strikes hours-loud sound-eople far away cannot hear-noise of people in the streets-heard at night-no noise-all people sleep a light is! put inside enables people to see the hands and figures-steps inside for men to go up-wind the clock-repair it-light the lamp.
2. A Railway Station
A place where the trains stop at fixed hours-platform passengers get in and get down-several rooms-the Station Master’s room-Booking office-Telegraph office-Ladies waiting room-Gentlemen’s waiting room-Refreshment room-tickets sold in booking office-place where carts and carriages wait-fruit shops-book-stalls-signal post-bal- ance fence on both sides-flower trees-water supply-la- trines-bath-room-godowns for keeping goods in-a pleas-
ant sight.
3. The Postman
A person who brings letters from the post office wears trousers, a coat, aturban sometimes-a belt-delivers letters, parcels, morning and evening-not only letters and parcels but money orders a leather bag hanging from the shoulder- places letters, money and parcels in it-must be able to read and write has to read the addresses on the letters-honest active and strong-must be careful and polite-had to walk a long distance-if gentle, gets small presents from the address- ees-in towns rides on a bicycle-many streets-one or two not enough-one man for every two or three streets.
4. The Lion
A wild animal-fierce to look at-lives in mountain. caves and forests-strongest of all animals-kills even the elephant-hence” the king of the beasts”-cat kind-feet soft and fleshy can walk without making even the slightest noise draws in or out its claws at will-head very large-big sharp fangs-body grey in colour-long hair flowing from. neck and head-called mane-the lioness has no mane-hunts by nights and sleeps by day-noblest of animals-attacks only when hungry or annoye-largely found in Africa-its use in Circus and Public gardens.
N. B: The teacher may read the story (once, twice or thrice, if necessary) slowly and aloud till the puplis follow him; or the pupils may be asked to read the story for themselves silently till it is understood; immediately aftrwards he should get the pupils to write it down from memory.
1. The Lion and the Mouse
A Lion lay sleeping under a shady tree. It was roused from sleep by a Mouse that ran on his face. The fierce beast caught him and would have killed him but the poor Mouse cried out, “Oh! King of beasts, if you would but spare my life, I will be sure to pay back your kindness some day”. The Lion laughed and let him go. By and by the Lion was caught in a snare and began to cry loudly. The Mouse heard him roar and came up to help him. He bit the ropes with his sharp teeth and set the Lion free.
Moral: No one is too small to help in time of need.
2. Belling the Cat
Once upon a time some merry little Mice went out to play. A very cruel Cat was lying in the way. So, many Mice went out, but only a few came back. They were in great fear of the cat. They did not dare to come out day or night, for fear she would kill them. So they all met to talk of the best thing for them to do. Several plans were talked over, but not one seemed worth much. At last, a young Mouse proposed that a bell should be hung round the Cat’s neck, so that whenever she was coming they would hear her bell and could run into their holes. Every mouse praised this proposal, but at last, an old Mouse asked quickly who was going to bell the Cat. To attempt to do a dangerous thing is ‘to Bell the Cat.
Moral: It is easier said than done.
3. The Boy and the Thief
Once a boy sat weeping upon the side of a well. A thief happening to come by just at the same time asked him why he was weeping. The boy sighing and sobbing showed a bit of cord and said that a silver jewel had come off from it and fallen into the well. The thief pulled off his clothes and went down into the well, meaning to keep the jewel for himlelf. Having groped about for some time in vain, he came up and found not only the boy gone, but his clothes; for the rogue had made off (run away) with them.
Moral: Deceit deserves to be deceived.
4. The Wolf and the Lamb
Once a wolf coming to a brook to drink, saw a lamb standing in the stream some distance down. The wolf having a mind to pick a quarrel with him, asked him what he meant by disturbing the water and making it so muddy. The lamb answered meekly that he could not see how that could be, since the water which he drank, ran down from the wolf to him. “Be that as it may”, replied the wolf, “you called me bad names a year ago”. “Sir”, said the lamb, “You are mistaken; a year ago I was not born”. “Then”, said the hungry wolf, “if it was not you, it was your father, and that is all one. It is of no use trying to argue with me”. So saying, he fell upon the poor creature and ate him up.
evil.
Moral: Wicked men will always find some excuse for doing
5. The Countryman and his Cart
A countryman was one day carelessly driving his cart along a miry lane. The wheel stuck so deep in the mud, that the houses came to a standstill. Upon this, the man made no effort of his own to get the wagon to move but began to call upon Hercules to come and help him in his distress. But Hercules told him to put his shoulder to the wheel, as he helped only those that tried to help themselves. The man did so and Hercules assisted him to push the wagon. In this way he got out of the difficulty.
Moral: Heaven (God) helps those that help themselves.
6. The Countryman and the Snake.
One frosty day in winter a villager found a snake under a hedge, almost dead with cold. Taking pity upon the poor creature, he brought it home and laid it on the hearth near the fire. Revived by the heat, it rose up and with dreadful hissing flew at the wife and children of its benefactor. The man hearing their cries rushed in, and with an axe which he brought in his hand soon cut the snake in pieces. ‘Vile wretch’ said he, “is this the reward you make to him who saved your life? Die as you deserve”.
Moral: The greatest benefits can never bind the ungrateful.
7. The Bear and the two Travellers
Two men travelling together through a forest, mutually promised to stand by each other in any danger they should meet with upon the way. They had not gone far, before a Bear came rushing towards them out of the forest upon which one of them got up into a high tree. The other seeing that he had no chance single-handed against the Bear, fell flat on his back upon the ground, as if dead and held his breath. He did this, as he knew that bears would never touch a dead body. The Bear came up, smelt him, and supposing him to be dead, went back again into the wood without doing him the least harm. When the Bear had gone out of sight, the other man came down from the tree and asked his friend, with a pleasant smile, what the Bear had said to him when he put his mouth close to his ear. The one said calmly that the Bear had told him, never to trust those who look to their own safety and leave their friends to themselves in time of danger.
Moral: Never trust those who desert their friends at the approach of danger.
or Trust only proven friends.
8. The Jackal and the Fleas
Once a jackal was very much troubled by fleas. He wanted to get rid of them. So he went to a tank and found a dry stick on the bank. He took it in his mouth and walked slowly into the water. The fleas on his feet flew upon his legs. He then went farther into the water. The fleas on his legs flew upon to his body. He then went still farther into the water. The fleas on his body flew on to his head. He then plunged his head under water. Then the fleas on his head flew up on to the dry stick in his mouth. The jackal then left the dry stick in the water and quickly made off to the shore. He thus got rid of the fleas.
Moral: Knowledge is power.
9. The Man and his two Wives
In a country where men could have more than one wife, a certain man, whose head was fast turning grey had two wives, one a little older than himself, and the other much younger. The young wife being of a liverly turn (disposition) did not want people to think that she had an old husband, and so she used to pull out as many of his white hairs as she could. The old wife on the other hand did not wish to seem older than her husband and so she used to pull out the black hairs. This went on until at last, between them both, they made the poor man quite bald.
Moral: It is miserable to have more than one wife.
10. The Fox and the Stork
Once a clever Fox wanted to play a trick upon a Stork. So one day he invited the Stork to dine with him. The Stork accepted the invitation. He arrived very hungry. A shallow dish was placed before him and soup was poured into it. The Stork could only wet the tip of his long bill for the dish was flat and shallow. The Fox quickly licked the dish clean and asked the Stork, if he did not like the soup; and the latter took it to his heart. It was now the Stork’s turn to invite the Fox to dinner. He invited the Fox with great respect and placed the food in a narrow-necked jar. The Fox could not eat anything out of the jar, but the Stork by means of his long bill emptied the jar. All that the Fox could get was only a little liquid that ran down the sides of the vessel.
Moral: “Tit for Tat’ or “To pay one in the same coin’
11. Mercury and the Woodman
A Woodman was once cutting a tree beside a deep river. By chance he let slip his axe into the water. Sad at the loss of his tool, he sat down and wept. Mercury hearing his cries, ap- peared to him and asked him what was the matter. When he heard the man’s tale, the god dived into the river and brought up a golden axe. “Is this the axe which you lost”? asked the god. “No” said the Woodman. Then the god dived a second time and brought up a silver axe and asked him if that was his axe. The Woodman again answered that it was not his. So Mercury dived a third time and then brought up the axe which he had lost. That is mine’ cried the Woodman joyfully. The god gave it to him and presented him with the other two as a reward for his truth and honesty.
Moral: Honesty is the best policy.
12. The Boy and his Mother
A little boy, who went to school, stole one of his school fellow’s books and took it home. His mother instead of correcting him, took the book and sold it and gave him an apple for his pains. In the course of time the boy became a robber, and at last was tried and sentenced to death. When he was led to the gallows, a great crowd of people followed. His mother also followed weeping bitterly. He prayed the officers to grant him the favour of a few parting words with her, and his request was freely granted. He approached his mother, put his arm round her neck, and making as though he would whisper something in her ear, bit it off. Her cry of pain drew everybody’s eyes upon them, and filled the minds of all with great indignation, “Nay, good people” said he, “do not be deceived. My first theft was that of a book, which I gave to my mother. Had she whipped me for it, instead of praising me, I should not have come to the gallows”.
Moral: Spare the rod, and spoil the child.
13. The Jackdaw and the Pigeons
A Jackdaw seeing how well some Pigeons in a dovecote fed, and how happily they lived together, wished very much to join them. With this view he whitened his feathers and slipped in, one evening just as it was getting dark. So long as he kept silent he escaped notice, but gradually grew very familiar with them and in a jolly mood he burst into a loud laugh. His voice at once betrayed him. The Pigeons fell upon him and drove him out. When he wanted to join the Jackdaws again, his coloured feathers drew their attention to him and his former friends would not admit him. back.
Moral: Never appear in borrowed feathers.
14. The Clever Cooly
Once a certain cooly agreed with a farmer to dig a well for a sum of money. He worked the whole day and dug down about five feet.
Early next morning when he came to the well he found that the side of the well had fallen in and filled up half of the pit. After thinking a little, he put down his crowbar and his upper cloth, by the side of the well and went home and lay down.
Some time after, the farmer came out and seeing the earth in the well and the cooly’s crowbar and upper cloth lying near it, he thought that the cooly had been buried by the earth. The farmer, therefore called the neighbours and asked them to help him to dig out the cooly. The neighbours came and when they had dug out almost all the earth, they were astonished to see the cooly coming towards the well.
The cooly thanked them for digging the well, but the neighbours were very angry at his trick.
Moral: Knowledge is power.
15. The Belly and the other Members of the Body.
The members of the body once rebelled against the Belly. They said that he led an idle and lazy life at their expense. The hands said that they would not again lift a (morsel) crust even to keep him from starving; the mouth said that it would not take in even a bit of food any longer; the legs said they would carry him about no longer; the others said likewise.
The Belly quietly allowed them to follow their own courses, well knowing that they would all soon come to their senses. They did so, when for want of nourishment supplied by the stomach, they found themselves fast becoming mere skin and bone.
Moral: None for themselves are born. or Serve and be served.
16. The Raven and the Serpent
A hungry Raven, flying about in search of prey, came across a Snake lying at full lenth on a sunny bank. He seized him in his horny beak and would have devoured him, but the Snake turning round bit the Raven with his venomous fangs, so that he died in great pain. In dying he confessed that he was justly served for seeking to satisfy his appetite at the expense of another’s life.
Moral: Irm seek, harm find.
17. The Monkey and the Cats
Once two Cats found a piece of cheese and wanted to divide it between them. One of them cut it into two pieces so that they might take one each. But one piece was larger than the other. Each wanted to have the larger piece. So they quarrelled and went to a Monkey and asked him to settle their dispute.
The Monkey in all seriousness took up a balance and put the two pieces in the two scale pans of the balance. One piece was found heavier. So he bit off a portion from the bigger one to make it equal to the other. In so doing he took care to bite off so much of it as to make it lighter. Then he put it into the balance and found the other piece heavier. Then he nibbled a portion from this one and made it lighter. He thus went on biting a portion from each piece until at last the two pieces became very small.
Then the two Cats growing wiser asked the judge to give them what was left. But the Monkey at once put the whole into his mouth saying it was the judge’s fee.
Moral: Never go to law.
18. The Chameleon
Two travellers happened on their journey to get into a warm dispute about the colour of the Chameleon. One of them affirmed it was blue and that he had observed it with his own eyes in the cooling shade of tree. The other retorted it was green, saying he had seen it enjoying the bright sunshine. From words they almost came to blows, when a third person luckily coming by, they agreed to refer the question to his decision. “Gentlemen” said the umpire, “you are both mistaken, for the creature is totally black; and I examined it only last night by a candle light. “Black impossible!” they cried out, when to solve the doubt, the arbitrator (the third person) drew it out of his pocket. And lo! it was white as snow. The three looked equally surprised and foolish. Seeing this the Chameleon thus advised them: “My children, you are all right ” only you observed me under different circumstances. When next you talk of what you see, remember others can see as well as you”.
Moral: Respect others’ opinions.
19. The Two Frogs
One hot summer, the lake in which two Frogs lived was completely dried up and they were obliged to set off in search of water elsewhere. Coming to a deep and delightfully cool well, one of the Frogs proposed that they should jump in at once. “Wait a bit”, cried the other, “if that should dry up, how could we get out again”?
Moral: Look before you leap.
20. The Lion and the old Hare
Once in a forest a Lion was killing animals every day as he liked, so that not one felt safe for a moment. At last all the animals held a meeting to think of a plan by which they might live in peace.
On the advice of the fox, they wrote a letter to the Lion in these words; “My Lord, if you go on killing us at this rate, very soon none of us will be left, and you will have to starve. If it pleases you, we will send you one of us every day, and this will save you all the trouble of hunting”.
To this the Lion consented. Thereupon the beasts cast lots every day, and the animal on who the lot fell went of his own accord to the Lion. One day it was an old Hare’s turn to be food for the Lion. He went slowly on purpose and it was late by the time he got to the Lion’s den. “How dare you keep me waiting”? roared the Lion angrily. “Sir”, meekly answered the Hare, “I am not to blame; for on the way, I met another lion who wanted to eat me up but let me go here only after ! promised to go back to him”. Put out by this, the Lion wanted the Hare to take him to the place where his bold rival lived. The Hare led the way to a deep well and said, “My Lord, this is
Hints For Stories
where I left him; now he is drinking water down there.” Looking into the well, the Lion thought he saw the head of another lion who looked fierce and angry. Poor creature! He did not know it was himself that he saw. In a rage he leaped down into the well and died.
Thus the clever little Hare saved his own life and deliv- ered the other beasts of the forest from their enemy.
Moral: Wit is better than strength.
Hints to be expanded into Stories verytries to
1. A thirsty crow….. in search of water….. a jar. little water in it….. bends…..not reach the water overturn…..too heavy…..small stones nearby…..one by one into the pot…water rises up…drinks to his satisfaction …..flies away …..Moral.
2. Frogs croaking in pond…..boys throwing stones at them…..frogs complain…..”Only play”, say the boys…..”play to you; death to us,” say the frogs……Moral.
3. Fisherman…..small fish…..river…..looks at it…..fish begs…..back into river……says……now small…..grow bigger in course of time…..may catch then….fisherman says…..may grow big…..but not sure of catching…..puts into basket…..takes home……curry…..eats it…..Moral.
4. An old man…..a goose……a golden egg daily…..not satisfied …..wants more…..wants to kill it…..tells wife…..she agrees…..both kill the goose… …..no gold…..very sorry…..Moral.
5. A sphepherd boy…..looks after sheep….. cries, ‘Wolf’ ……fun…..neighbours come…..no wolf …..boy laughs …..next time…..the same…..people come…..no wolf ….. the boy laughs again…..next time wolf comes…..the boy cries…..none care …..wolf devours the sheep…..boy punished…..Moral
6. A merchant……salt trade…..bags of salt…..ass loaded …..crossing a stream…..ass stumbles and falls……salt melts away load lighter ass glad…..the trick continued ……merchant’s loss angry now loads with wool bags …… purposely falls…..load heavier…..ass punished…..Moral. 7. A crow….steals cheese…flies…tree…fox sees …..wants…..himself …..begins to praise…..feathers beautiful …..beak pretty…..voice also sweet…..wants to hear…..asks ……song.foolish crow begins to sing. opens mouth …….cheese falis……picks up…..runs off…..Moral.
8. A fox… a goat…..friends……one day playing near a well…..fox fell in….. tried hard to get out…..in vain…..called out “friend…..pleasant bath…..come”poor goat believed…..jumped in fox climbed on his back……sprang out…..goat left in the well…..Moral (Look before you leap).
9. A fox…..very hungry…..goes about…..food…..some grapes.high tree…not reach.jumps fails to reach …..jumps again and again…..all his strength…..cannot get at …..goes away….says…..grapes are sour…..not worth having …..Moral.
10. Hare jeers…..tortoise…..slowness…..tortoise…..race- hare accepts….tortoise starts…..hare says, “I will take a nap first”…..hare awakes….. tortoise passes the post….. Moral (Slow and steady wins the race).
11. Old faather…..sons quarrel…..father’s advice not cared for…..father’s plan-bundle of sticks…..brought…..father asks…..break bundle…..no success…….bundle united…..sons break sticks easily….learn lesson…live in peace….. Moral (Union is strength).
12. A dispute…..the sun and the wind…..which stronger …..agree to try…..a passing traveller…..which, sooner makes him take off his cloak…..wind begins…..blows cold…..chill piercing.cloak drawn closer…..buttoned tight….the sun. tries next….. warm rays…..hot…sultry…..throws off cloak
…..Moral.
13. Forest…bag of money….found by three men …..agree to buy food…..one man goes…..puts poison in food …..other two think of killing him kill him…..food eaten …they two die……Moral.
14. Robert carrying heavy basket…..Tom will not help him…..a stranger helps…..carries it to the top of a hill….. Robert thanks….. years pass….. Robert rich…..stranger loses much money. ……Robert hears…….gives help…..the gentleman forgot him…..much surprised…..thanks him……Moral.
15. Washerman…..owns two animals ass….dog ……dog ill-fed…..night…..noise…..thieves…..dogawakes…..silent …..ass rebukes…..in vain…..himself cries…..master disturbed …..angry …..beats ass…..Moral.
16. Fox cat…..meeting in a forest…..the cleverer of tricks the two, who?…..fox knows many cat’s only trick ……sudden coming of hunters…..dogs…..cat climbing a tree …..fox many tricks…..puzzled pursued….. killed….. Moral.
17. Dog with bone…..noticed by crow…..crow’s trick …..flies away…..returns with another crow…..one pulls dog’s tail…..dog drops bone…..turnsround…..other flies away with bone…..Moral.
Complete the following stories by filling up the blanks:
1. The Country Mouse and the City Mouse Once…..a time a country mouse…..a friend in town. He ..the town mouse to pay…..to his country. Upon the latter’s ..he opened his heart and store. After dinner was….they set …..together…..journey to town. It was late…..evening when they crept….the city..
2. The Dove and the Ant
An ant….. to a river to quench…..fell…..stream. A dove took pity…..her and….. into the river a small bough. Seizing …..the ant….the shore. The ant afterwards saw a man…..his gun…..the dove. There upon she stung him….. the foot sharply and made him…..his aim and thus….. the dove’s.
3. The Dog and the Shadw.
A dog …..in his mouth a…..of meat, was…..a smooth stream by reais…..a plank. Looking…..he saw what he took to be another dog….. another piece of… Snapping geedily to ….. this as well, he let go the…..that he had and lost…..in the….. 4. The Woman and the Fat Hen
A woman had a hen….. laid an egg every ….. The eggs were very fine and sold…..a good price. The woman thought that if she gave……twice the usual quanity of food, the bird …be brought to lay….. a day insted of…..So the quantity of ……was doubled accordingly and the hen ..very fat and gave ….. laying altogether.
5. The Kid and the Wolf
A kid…..on the roof of a house saw a wolf …..by. Imme- diately it…..to taunt him. The wolf looking…..said, “Sirrah! I hear thee; yet it is not thou who…..me ….. the roof on which ….. art standing”
6. The Farmer and his Sons his sons to
A farmer feared he…. die shortly…..he. ….. bedside and said, “My sons, there is a great treasure…..our vineyard”. Shortly afterwards…..old man. Then the sons took their spades and carefully…..over every portion…..their land. They ……no treasure and cursed their…..but the vines more than repaid their labour…..yielding…..extraordinary
crop.